Fuel.



UNITED STATES Patented February 21, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL P. SADTLER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO CAL-CAR-BO COMPANY, OF CAMDEN, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEWV JERSEY.

FUEL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 782,991, dated February 21, 1905,

Application filed November 15, 1904. Serial No. 232,806.

. To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, SAMUEL P. SADTLER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Fuel, of which the following is a specification.

The leading purpose of this invention is to facilitate the use of cheap or waste forms of non-bituminous fuel in place of the anthracite coal that is usually employed in kitchen ranges and stoves; and to this end it contemplates the production of briquets by molding finely-divided carbonaceous material and fixing it by a binding medium which produces a firm product that will not disintegrate from handling or moisture, does not crumble to powder upon ignition, produces no smoke, and very slightly increases the volume of ash from the fuel.

My improved product consists, essentially, of a non-bituminous coal or mixture of nonbituminous fuels, such as anthracite coal, in the fine condition known as anthracite slack, fine coke-powder, or other fuel, burning with little or no luminous flame, cemented together with the concentrated waste liquor of the sulfite wood-pulp process, to which has been added some chemical to throw out or make insoluble the organic matter of the woodpulp liquor. I have found that aluminium sulfate, either neutral or basic salt, acts in.

this Way, causing the resinous and gummy constituents of the cementing material to set or become hard and ultimately insoluble.

As it is my design to utilize this improved fuel in the form of briquets, which are to be used as a substitute for the smaller sizes of anthracite coal in kitchen ranges and stoves, I have endeavored to make a product which shall burn without smoke or giving off bituminous vapors, which shall not leave an amount of ash notably greater than that which the coal itself contains, which shall be well cemented throughout so as to stand handling, and which shall not crumble to powder when ignited.

Iam aware that briquets have been made from coal and coke dust cemented together with various materials, and that United States Patent No. 421,878, of February 18, 1890, to Josef I/Viesner, of Vienna, Austria-Hungary, speaks of using disintegrated coal or other disintegrated combustible material and socalled wood-lixivium or concentrated liquor of the sulfite cellulose process; but my invention is distinct from this and yields avery clifferent product, as I have verified by actual test. In Wiesners product the adhesive material dries slowly and remains soluble, so that if wetted or even if kept in a damp place the briquets begin to disintegrate, while in my product this material has been caused to set or become insoluble by the addition of the aluminium sulfate or similar chemical and becomes so hard that the briquets will not break readily and can be wetted without disintegration.

In carrying out my process I take a non-bituminous coal, such as anthracite slack, and

mix with it about ten per cent. of finely-powdered coke, then add the concentrated residual liquor of the sulfite wood-pulp process, and afterthorough working together add a solution of aluminium sulfate and again Work the mixture thoroughly by mechanical means. I have found as satisfactory proportions two hundred pounds of anthracite slack, twenty pounds of finely-powdered coke, one gallon of concentrated wood pulp residual liquor of 36 Baum, and a solution containing five pounds of a good quality of aluminium sulfate. The aluminium-sulfate solution is preferably made basic by the addition of a small amount of sodium carbonate. Although I get excellent results with the neutral sulfate, the basic salt tends to set more sharply with the gums and other solid constituents of the Waste sulfite liquor. The mixture when ready for the briqueting-machine must be uniformly moist and slightly sticky.

Having described my invention, I claim 1. A fuel product comprising particles of carbonaceous matter and abindingagent therefor consisting essentially of a product of the residual liquor of the wood-sulfite process and aluminium sulfate, substantially as specified.

2. A fuel-briquet comprising anthracite slack and a binding agent therefor consisting essentially of a product of the concentrated Waste liquor of the Wood-sullite process and 5 aluminium sulfate, substantially as specified.

3. A fuel product comprising a mixture in approximately the proportions of two hundred pounds of anthracite slack, twenty pounds of finely-powdered coke, one gallon of con IO centrated wood-pulp residual liquor, and five pounds of aluminium sulfate, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, this 14th day of November, A. D. 190 in the presence of the subscribing Wit- 5 nesses.

SAM. P. SADTLER. Witnesses:

ROBERT JAMES EARLEY, UTLEY E. CRANE, Jr. 

